Protection of Civilians: International Humanitarian Law and the Limits of Protection in Modern Conflict

The protection of civilians is not a conceptual ideal—it is a legal obligation repeatedly tested, and too often undermined, in modern conflict.”

Conflict and Famine: Starvation as a Weapon of War

Starvation in conflict is not simply a humanitarian crisis—it is often the result of deliberate policy choices designed to control populations and weaken opposition.”

Yemen’s Humanitarian Crisis: Conflict, Civilian Harm, and the Collapse of Essential Systems

In Yemen, civilian suffering is not incidental—it is the cumulative result of prolonged conflict, institutional breakdown, and constraints on humanitarian access.”

Undocumented in Lebanon: Displacement, Legal Status, and the Precarity of Protection

In displacement settings, legal status is not a formality—it determines access to protection, livelihoods, and, ultimately, survival.”

Ethnic Cleansing in Myanmar: State Violence and the Rohingya Crisis

The scale and systematic nature of violence against the Rohingya signals not only ethnic cleansing, but the potential commission of atrocity crimes requiring urgent international response.”

Dadaab Refugee Camp: Kenya’s Closure Threats and the Persistence of Protracted Displacement

Efforts to dismantle long-standing refugee settlements without viable alternatives risk triggering renewed displacement, instability, and potential violations of international law.”

Absconding from Justice: Omar al-Bashir, ICC Warrants, and the Limits of Enforcement

The failure to execute ICC arrest warrants against sitting heads of state exposes structural weaknesses in international accountability mechanisms and risks entrenching impunity.”