When Armed Groups Govern: Civilian Protection and Policy Constraints in Lebanon, Gaza, and Yemen

Where armed groups function as governing authorities, civilian protection is shaped not only by conflict dynamics, but by the structure of power itself.”

Sudan’s War and the Collapse of Civilian Protection: Escalating Atrocity Risks Amid State Fragmentation

The erosion of centralized authority in Sudan has created conditions in which civilian protection is no longer incidental to the conflict—it is structurally absent.”

UNGA – Recognize the State of Palestine, and Hold Israel Accountable

Recognition of Palestine is not a symbolic gesture—it is a legal and moral imperative that strengthens accountability and upholds international law.”

The UN Security Council Veto: Power, Paralysis, and the Limits of International Protection

The Security Council veto reflects global power realities—but in moments of crisis, it has too often come at the expense of civilian protection and timely international action.”

Syria’s Path to Justice: Transitional Mechanisms and the Challenge of Accountability

Without accountability and answers for the missing, any path to peace in Syria risks reinforcing the conditions that enabled mass atrocities.”

Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing Allegations in Gaza and the West Bank

The current legal scrutiny reflects not only the scale of civilian harm, but the growing centrality of intent, conduct, and accountability in assessing potential atrocity crimes.”

Forced Disappearance: Coercion, Control, and the Erosion of Legal Order

Forced disappearance functions not only as a method of repression, but as a systemic tool to instill fear, dismantle dissent, and operate beyond the reach of law.”