Civilian Protection in Gaza: Armed Actors, Urban Warfare, and Legal Constraints

When legal protections exist without consistent enforcement, civilian protection becomes conditional—and civilians bear the cost.”

UNGA – Recognize the State of Palestine, and Hold Israel Accountable

Recognition of Palestine is not a symbolic gesture—it is a legal and moral imperative that strengthens accountability and upholds international law.”

Collective Punishment as a War Crime—Legal Prohibition and Contemporary Application in Gaza

Collective punishment targets populations, not perpetrators, and in doing so violates a core principle of international humanitarian law.”