Delivering Lifesaving Aid into Gaza: Humanitarian Access, Civilian Risk, and the Collapse of Aid Delivery Systems

Humanitarian workers are not combatants, yet they are increasingly among the casualties of this conflict.”

UNRWA: Lifeline for Relief in Gaza—Humanitarian Access, Political Pressure, and the Risks of Aid Disruption in Active Conflict

Building of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East.

UNRWA is not simply an aid provider—it is the backbone of humanitarian survival for millions of Palestinian refugees.”

Collective Punishment as a War Crime—Legal Prohibition and Contemporary Application in Gaza

Collective punishment targets populations, not perpetrators, and in doing so violates a core principle of international humanitarian law.”

Israel-Hamas Conflict: Civilian Protection and Legal Boundaries in Armed Conflict

Self-defense does not absolve any party—state or non-state—from compliance with international humanitarian law.”

Peace Between Gaza-Israel: Fragile Ceasefire, Civilian Risk, and the Structural Drivers of Recurrent Conflict

Ceasefires in Gaza reduce immediate violence, but without structural change, they function as pauses—not resolutions—in a recurring cycle of conflict.”